First Focal Plane vs. Second Focal Plane Rifle Scopes (FFP vs. SFP)

What is a first focal plane and a second focal plane scope?

If it’s a first focal plane scope, the reticle grows or shrinks proportionally to how you adjust your scope’s magnification. In comparison, with second focal plane scopes, the reticle remains the same size regardless of the magnification adjustment.

But how does that affect you, the sniper, hunter, or range shooter?

Let’s find out!

First Focal Plane

An FFP scope features a reticle that changes size proportionally with the magnification.

In other words, as you zoom in, the reticle gets larger, and as you zoom out, the reticle’s size gets smaller.

In terms of build, the reticle in a first focal plane scope is placed on the front of the erector tube assembly and magnification lenses.

In other words, when you’re looking through the scope from the ocular lens, the reticle is furthest from your eye.

I like first focal plane scopes because they promote extremely accurate holdovers and windage adjustments at any magnification.

If you’re a long-range shooter, a first focal plane reticle is what you need.

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First Focal Plane: Pros and Cons

Pros:

• Accurate holdovers and windage adjustments: Your hash marks remain at the same value in all shooting distances. That means no more complicated calculations – where you aim is where you’ll hit.

• Target acquisition: The larger reticle at high magnification helps you acquire and track targets more easily.

• Perfect for long-range shooting: FFP scopes are ideal for long-range shooting, tactical applications, and hunting in open landscapes.

Cons:

• Reticle Size: The reticle appears thick at lower magnification, making it less ideal for close-range shooting or when aiming against dark backgrounds.

• Premium Pricing: FFP scopes are generally more complex to manufacture, making them slightly pricier compared to SFP alternatives.

Second Focal Plane

In an SFP or rear focal plane scope, the reticle remains the same size regardless of the magnification.

If you’re at a 5x magnification or an 18x magnification, the second focal plane reticle reticle stays the same size.

A second focal plane scope’s reticle is placed behind the magnification lenses. In other words, when you’re looking through the ocular lens, the reticle is closest to your eye.

These focal plane scopes tend to be the go-to option for novice shooters because they are much more straightforward to use and easier on the wallet.

Second Focal Plane: Pros and Cons

Pros:

• Affordable: SFP scopes are less expensive than FFP options due to their simpler design.

• Simple and intuitive operation: What you see is what you get – these scopes are much easier to operate.

Cons:

• Reticle subtensions are only accurate at maximum magnification: The reticle’s holdover values are only correct at the highest magnification, making it less suitable for precise long-range shooting.

• Requires additional calculations for holdovers at lower magnifications: Shooting at lower magnification requires calculating holdovers based on the reticle’s subtensions and the chosen magnification, which can be time-consuming and error-prone.

• Less versatile for long-range shooting: SFP scopes may not be the best choice for long-range shooting due to the limitations of their reticles at lower magnifications.

How To Pick Between 1st vs 2nd Focal Plane Scopes?

So, which focal plane rifle scope do you pick? Well, let’s find out.

FFP vs. SFP for Hunting

Close-range hunting (0-100 yards): SFP scopes generally excel in close-range settings. At this distance, you don’t need a scope with a high magnification range, so an SFP will suffice. Additionally, their lower price point makes them a good choice for budget-conscious hunters.

Tip: For close-range hunting, you can also consider a red dot sight.

Medium-range hunting (100-300 yards): Both FFP and SFP can be effective at medium ranges. I wouldn’t pick an FFP scope just yet; the long-range advantage is too small at these distances, given the premium you pay on the scope.

Long-range hunting (300+ yards): Finally, when distance becomes a significant factor, FFP scopes reign supreme. The ability to rely on the reticle’s subtensions for accurate holdovers regardless of magnification makes FFP a must-have for long-range hunters.

FFP vs. SFP for Close-Range Shooting

For close-range shooting, you don’t need a high magnification setting, so a simple SFP scope is perfect.

These scopes can offer quick target acquisition and accurate aiming in fast-paced situations. Additionally, its affordability makes it a good choice for budget-conscious hunters.

FFP vs. SFP for Long-Range Shooting

For long-range shooting, an FFP is hands down the better option.

The consistent reticle size allows for accurate holdovers and windage adjustments regardless of the magnification, making it easier to shoot accurately at extended distances.

Additionally, FFP scopes often feature reticles with ballistic drop compensators, further enhancing long-range accuracy.

FFP vs. SFP for a Tight Budget

If you’re worried about breaking the bank, choose an SFP rifle scope.

The less complicated construction means they are usually more affordable.

Furthermore, SFP scopes tend to have a lower magnification range, which also reduces the price.

Conclusion

By now, you should have a clearer understanding of the differences between FFP and SFP scopes and how they impact your shooting experience.

Remember, there’s no single “correct” choice – the best focal plane for you depends on your individual needs and shooting style.

Take your time, consider your budget and intended use, and don’t hesitate to ask questions or seek advice from experienced shooters.

With the right information and a bit of experience, you’ll be making precise and confident shots in no time!